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Class 12
Biology
Human Health and Diseas
how is a cancerous cell different from a normal ce...

Question: How is a cancerous cell different from a normal cell?

Answer:

Normal cell

Cancerous cell

1.

Normal cells show the property of contact inhibition. Therefore, when these cells come into contact with other cells, they stop dividing.

1

Cancerous cells lack the property of contact inhibition. Therefore, they continue to divide, thereby forming a mass of cells or tumor.

2.

They undergo differentiation after attaining a specific growth.

2.

They do not undergo differentiation.

3.

These cells remain confined at a particular location.

3

These cells do not remain confined at a particular location. They move into neighboring tissues and disturb its function.

y B��y0� �� and T-lymphocytes.

It does not have a specific memory.

It is characterized by an immunological memory.

(b) Active and passive immunity

	Active immunity		Passive immunity
1.	It is a type of acquired immunity in which the body produces its own antibodies against disease-causing antigens.	1.	It is a type of acquired immunity in which readymade antibodies are transferred from one individual to another.
2.	It has a long lasting effect.	2.	It does not have long lasting effect.
3.	It is slow. It takes time in producing antibodies and giving responses.	3.	It is fast. It provides immediate relief.
4.	Injecting microbes through vaccination inside the body is an example of active immunity.	4.	Transfer of antibodies present in the mother’s milk to the infant is an example of passive immunity.

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	Normal cell		Cancerous cell
1.	Normal cells show the property of contact inhibition. Therefore, when these cells come into contact with other cells, they stop dividing.	1	Cancerous cells lack the property of contact inhibition. Therefore, they continue to divide, thereby forming a mass of cells or tumor.
2.	They undergo differentiation after attaining a specific growth.	2.	They do not undergo differentiation.
3.	These cells remain confined at a particular location.	3	These cells do not remain confined at a particular location. They move into neighboring tissues and disturb its function.