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Question: Distinguish between the following:
(a) Aerobic respiration and Anaerobic respiration
(b) Glycolysis and Fermentation
(c) Glycolysis and Citric acid Cycle

Answer:

 (a) Aerobic respiration and Anaerobic respiration

Aerobic respiration

Anaerobic respiration

1.

It uses oxygen for deriving energy.

1.

It occurs in the absence of oxygen.

2.

It occurs in cytoplasm and mitochondria.

2.

It occurs in cytoplasm.

3.

The end products of aerobic respiration are carbon dioxide and water.

3.

The end products of fermentation are ethyl alcohol and carbon-dioxide and Lactic acid depending upon organism.

4.

Complete oxidation of respiratory substrate takes place.

4.

Incomplete oxidation of respiratory substrate takes place.

5.

36-38 ATP molecules are produced.

5.

Only 2 ATP molecules are produced.

(b) Glycolysis and Fermentation

 

Glycolysis

 

Fermentation

1.

Glycolysis is a common process during aerobic and anaerobic respiration.

1.

Fermentation is a type of anaerobic respiration.

2.

Pyruvic acid is produced as its end product.

2.

Ethanol or lactic acid is produced as its end product.

(c) Glycolysis and citric acid cycle

Glycolysis

Citric acid cycle (Krebs cycle)

1.

It is a linear pathway.

1.

It is a cyclic pathway.

2.

It occurs in the cell cytoplasm.

2.

It occurs in the mitochondrial matrix.

3.

It occurs in both aerobic as well as in anaerobic respiration.

3.

It occurs in aerobic respiration only.

4.

One glucose molecule breaks down to generate 2 NADH+H+ and 2 ATP molecules.

4.

It produces 6 NADH+H+, 2 FADH2, and 2 ATP molecules on breakdown of two acetyl-coA molecules generated after glycolysis of are glucose molecule.

 


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