(i) Ecosystem is the system which is formed by the interaction of all living things with one another and with the physical and chemical factors of the environment where they live and is linked by transfer of energy and material.
(ii) By natural environment we mean the surrounding created by the nature. It comprises of the objects such as- mountains, plateaus, plains, valleys, forests, land, air, river, ocean, water and all living and non living things etc.
(iii) Major components of the environment includes- Natural components like land (lithosphere), water (hydrosphere), air (atmosphere), living things (organism). - Human made components like buildings, parks, bridge, road industries etc. Human like, organisms, individuals, family, community, religion, politics, education etc.
(iv) Examples of human made environment are: buildings, parks, bridges, roads, industries etc.
(v) Lithosphere is the hard top layer of the earth or crust that is consisting of rocks and minerals extending both over the continents and ocean basins.
(vi) The two basic components of biotic environment are plants and animals.
(vii) Biosphere: plants and animals found in the narrow strip at the junction of the lithosphere, atmosphere and hydrosphere together theh formed an biosphere.
(i) (b) aquarium
(ii) (a) land
(iii) (c) road
(iv) (b) growing population
(i) Biosphere (e) narrow zone where land, water and air interact
(ii) Atmosphere (a) Blanket of air which surrounds the earth
(iii) Hydrosphere (b) Domain of water
(iv) Environment (d)Our surroundings
(i) it is true that man modifies his environment it is because-
- He uses water - Deforestation is done by which he clears land for agriculture, industries and habitation.
- He uses air.
- Numerous activities take place to make the life comfortable.
(ii) The interdependence of plants and animal can be illustrated by the following points:
- Plants provide food to animals.
- Forests provide shelter to wildlife.
- Wildlife adds beauty to the forests.
- Animal dung provides manure for the growth of plants.
- The decay of dead animals provides nutrition to the soil which in turn helps in growing the plants and trees.
Draw a picture of good environment in which you like to live.