Explain the three pathways of breakdown in living organisms.
Glucose is broken down into 3- carbon molecules known as pyruvate and three pathways (in yeast, in muscle cells and in mitochondria) of breakdown in living organisms as shown in figure:-
In yeast:- Glucose first breaks down into pyruvate and pyruvate then converted into ethyl alcohol (ethanol) and carbon dioxide in the absence of oxygen known as anaerobic respiration.
In muscle cells:- In this pyruvate breaks down into lactic acid. When we do the heavy workout or running then our body needs more oxygen that time but it is not possible for our muscle cells to respire aerobically. So due to lack of oxygen anaerobic respiration takes place in muscle cells.
In mitochondria:- Aerobic respiration metabolism occurs in mitochondria and cytoplasm. In this, pyruvate breaks down into carbon dioxide and water. Most of the organisms respire aerobically.
You are given kerosene, turpentine and water. In which of these does the light travel fastest? Use the information given in Table 10.3.
| Material medium |
Refractive index |
Material medium |
Refractive index |
| Air | 1.0003 | Canada Balsam |
1.53 |
| Ice | 1.31 | ||
| Water | 1.33 | Rock salt | 1.54 |
| Alcohol | 1.36 | ||
| Kerosene | 1.44 | Carbon disulphide |
1.63 |
| Fused quartz |
1.46 | ||
| Turpentine oil |
1.47 | Ruby | 1.71 |
| Benzene | 1.50 | Sapphire | 1.77 |
| Crown glass |
1.52 | Diamond | 2.42 |
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Welcome to the NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science - Chapter . This page offers a step-by-step solution to the specific question from Excercise 0 , Question 80: Explain the three pathways of breakdown in living organisms.....
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