Democracy produces a responsible government because it provides systematic, free and fair election regularly. All major issues and legislations are discussed openly. Democracy gives the right to information about the government and its functioning to all its citizens. Democracy gives a liable government as it is formed by elected representatives of the people. Problems of the society are discussed by these representatives to make policies and programmes accordingly. They also ensure that the programmes are implemented. They are legitimate because Democracies follow a constitution. The laws of the country are relevant to everyone, even to the members of government. Free and fair elections are conducted in democracies and the people have the power to remove parties which are not working properly, in the next election.
Democracies have a responsibility of making a society that is safe and pleasant for its citizen. Differences among ethnic populations should be sorted out cordially in democracies. A procedure should be developed to reduce tension in times of problem. A society without conflict is not possible because it is made up of a people from different society and backgrounds. Difference of opinion also arises as it is the responsibility of the government to settle it cordially.Democracies should ensure that,
(i) Different persons or groups are elected to form a government.
(ii) A majority community in terms of religion or race or linguistic group should not come to power.
(iii) A chance of being in the majority should be given to citizen.
(iv) No one should be stopped on the basis of birth from being in the majority. Thus democratic rules are not accommodative for that person or group. Democracy is basically not the rule of the majority. Majority has to work along with the minority so that government is represented by all sections of the people.
a) History reveals that poor countries gained better economic growth under ruler rather than in a democracy. Though this may be correct, the benefits of democracy, like freedom of expression, dignity and independence cannot be sacrificed for economic growth .
b) It is true that Democracy can’t reduce inequality of incomes between various citizens. But inequality of incomes may be because of various social and economic conditions and as a form of government democracy cannot be blamed for it.
c) Poor countries have to spend higher on poverty reduction, health, education as the best source for a country is ‘human resource’. A healthier and educated society will automatically bring happiness to a nation.
d) It is true that in a democracy all citizens have one vote and all votes are of same value. In democracies we find certain groups dominating others thus arising conflicts. The constitution follow, resolves the conflicts through negotiation.
a) In this case people were distincted on the basis of their caste. In a democracy all citizen are equal irrespective of their caste, creed, religion or economic status. So the democratic government had the challenge of unfair distinction against the dalits and make a law to set things alright.
b) In this case the government has failed to implement poverty reduction programmes and the comfort of the oppressed has been ignored. It was poverty and the powerlessness to pay back the loans sustained that made the farmers attempt this desperate act of suicide. The challenge faced by the government is to strengthen local administrations and ensure that the programmes initiated for the poor are implemented properly and that corruption and negligence does not become difficult for the citizen.
c) This situation states that the government has failed to give security for its citizens. In a democracy the government has to answer to its citizens as it is a illustrative form of government .The challenge the government faces is to bring justice to the common man. The faith of the people should be restored and the guilty after being part of the government should be punished.
C. differences of opinion about how marginalised sections are to be treated.
C. majority rule.
B. inequalities exist in democracies.