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Question:

What is meant by hybridisation of atomic orbitals? Describe the shapes of sp, sp2, sp3 hybrid orbitals.

Answer:

The phenomenon of mixing of orbitals of the same atom with slight difference in energies so as to redisitribute their energies & give new orbitals of equivalent energy & shape.The new orbitals formed are known as hybrid orbitals & is called as hybridization.These hybrid orbitals have minimum repulsion between their electron pairs and thus, are more stable. Hybridization helps indicate the geometry of the molecule.

Shape of different hybridization are :

 


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