Question:
What is meant by 'demineralised' water and how can it be obtained?

Answer:

Demineralised water is free from all soluble mineral salts. It does not contain any anions or cations.

Demineralised water is obtained by passing water successively through a cation exchange (in the H⁺form) and an anion exchange (in the OH^- form) resin.

During the cation exchange process, H+exchanges for Na⁺, Mg²⁺, Ca²⁺, and other cations present in water.

In the anion exchange process, OH^- exchanges for anions such as CO^2-₃, SO^2-₄ , Cl^- , HCO^-₃ etc. present in water.

OH^- ions liberated in reaction (2) neutralize H⁺ ions liberated in reaction (1), thereby forming water.

H⁺ _(aq) + OH^- _(aq) → H₂O_(l)

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Question:
What is meant by 'demineralised' water and how can it be obtained?