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Class 11
Chemistry
Hydrogen
what causes the temporary and permanent hardness o...

Question:
What causes the temporary and permanent hardness of water?

Answer:

Temporary hardness of water is due to the presence of soluble salts of magnesium and calcium in the form of hydrogen carbonates (MHCO₃, where M = Mg, Ca) in water.

Permanent hardness of water is because of the presence of soluble salts of calcium and magnesium in the form of chlorides in water.

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Question:
What causes the temporary and permanent hardness of water?