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the following data are obtained when dinitrogen an...

Question:
The following data are obtained when dinitrogen and dioxygen react together to form different compounds:

Mass of dinitrogen Mass of dioxygen

(i) 14 g 16 g

(ii) 14 g 32 g

(iii) 28 g 32 g

(iv) 28 g 80 g

(a) Which law of chemical combination is obeyed by the above experimental data?Give its statement.

(b) Fill in the blanks in the following conversions:

(i) 1 km = ...................... mm = ...................... pm

(ii) 1 mg = ...................... kg = ...................... ng

(iii) 1 mL = ...................... L = ...................... dm3

Answer:

Let us fix 14 parts by weight of nitrogen as fixed weight.

Now let us calculate the weights of oxygen which combine with 14 parts by weight of nitrogen

Sno	No of parts by weight of nitrogen	No of parts by weight of oxygen	14 parts of nitrogen as fixed weight	No of parts by weight of oxygen which combine with 14 parts by weight of nitrogen
1	14g	16g	14g	16
2	14g	32g	14g	32
3	28g	32g	14g	32
4	28g	80g	14g	80

(a) If we fix the mass of dinitrogen at 14 g, then the masses of dioxygen that will combine with the fixed mass of dinitrogen are 16 g, 32 g, 32 g, and 80 g.

The masses of dioxygen bear a whole number ratio of 1:2:2:5. Hence, the given experimental data obeys the law of multiple proportions.

This law was given by Dalton in 1804. The law states that if two elements combine to form 2 or more compound, then the weight of one element which combines a fixed weight of other element in these compounds,bears a simple whole number ratio by weight.

(b) (i) We know 1km=1000m

Or 1m = 1000 mm

Therefore 1km = 1000x 1000mm= 10⁶ mm

1 km = 1 km ×

1 km = 10¹⁵ pm

Hence, 1 km = 10⁶ mm = 10¹⁵ pm

(ii) We know 1kg = 1000mg

Or 1000mg= 1kg

Or 1mg= 1/1000* 1= 0.01 kg

1 mg = 1 mg ×

⇒ 1 mg = 10⁶ ng

1 mg = 10^–6 kg = 10⁶ ng

(iii) We know 1000 ml=l L

Or 1ml=1/1000*1= 0.01L

1 mL = 1 cm³ = 1 cm³

⇒ 1 mL = 10^–3 dm³

1 mL = 10^–3 L = 10^–3 dm³

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