Question:
Describe the shapes of BF₃ and BH₄^-. Assign the hybridisation of boron in these species.

Answer:

(i) BF₃

As a result of its small size and high electronegativity, boron tends to form monomeric covalent halides. These halides have a planar triangular geometry. This triangular shape is formed by the overlapping of three sp² hybridised orbitals of boron with sp orbitals of three halogen atoms. Boron is sp² hybridised in BF₃.

(ii) BH₄^-

Boron-hydride ion (BH₄^-) is formed by the sp³ hybridisation of boron orbitals. Therefore, it is a tetrahedral structure.

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Question:
Describe the shapes of BF₃ and BH₄^-. Assign the hybridisation of boron in these species.