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Question:

Which one of the following alkali metals gives hydrated salts?

(a) Li (b) Na (c) K (d) Cs

Answer:

Smaller the size of an ion, the more highly it is hydrated. Among the given alkali metals, Li is the smallest in size. Also, it has the highest charge density and highest polarizing power. Hence, it attracts water molecules more strongly than the other alkali metals. As a result, it forms hydrated salts such as LiCl.2H2O. The other alkali metals are larger than Li and have weaker charge densities. Hence, they usually do not form hydrated salts.


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