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Class 11
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The s Block Elements
discuss the various reactions that occur in the so...

Question:
Discuss the various reactions that occur in the Solvay process.

Answer:

Solvay process is used to prepare sodium carbonate.

When carbon dioxide gas is bubbled through a brine solution saturated with ammonia, sodium hydrogen carbonate is formed. This sodium hydrogen carbonate is then converted to sodium carbonate.

Step 1: Brine solution is saturated with ammonia.

2NH₃ + H₂O + CO₂ → (NH₄)₂ CO₃

This ammoniated brine is filtered to remove any impurity.

Step 2: Carbon dioxide is reacted with this ammoniated brine to result in the formation of insoluble sodium hydrogen carbonate.

NaCl + NH₄HCO₃ → NaHCO₃ + NH₄Cl

Step 3: The solution containing crystals of NaHCO₃ is filtered to obtain NaHCO₃.

Step 4: NaHCO₃ is heated strongly to convert it into NaHCO₃.

2NaHCO₃ → Na₂CO₃ + CO₂ + H₂O

Step 5: To recover ammonia, the filtrate (after removing NaHCO₃) is mixed with Ca(OH)₂ and heated.

The overall reaction taking place in Solvay process is 2NaCl + CaCO₃ → Na₂CO₃ + CaCl₂

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Discuss the various reactions that occur in the Solvay process.

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Question:
Discuss the various reactions that occur in the Solvay process.