What are the basic characteristics of a | Class 12 Biology Chapter Environmental Issues, Environmental Issues NCERT Solutions

Landfill site, also known as tip, dump, garbage dump or dumping ground which is a method of filling in and reclaiming excavated pits or the disposal of waste material by burying it in land. Basic characteristics of a modern landfill site are as follows:-

1. These are well designed and well managed for the disposal of solid wastes.
2. The bottom part of the modern landfill is lined with compact clay which is enough to prevent liquids from penetrating. And, on the top of the clay, high density plastic is installed for added protection.
3. They are built by using the layering system, which are designed to safely isolate the waste material or to check the leaks, their by-products that can harm the environment.
4. They are designed in this way that it protects the environment from the contaminants or pollutants which are present in the waste stream.
5. There are mainly three types of landfills which accepts specific types of waste and which sets the different environment impact and they are: Municipal solid waste, Industrial waste and Hazardous waste.

(Note*: Deonar dumping ground is the oldest and the largest which sets up in 1927, in Mumbai.)