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Question:

Explain the difference in properties of diamond and graphite on the basis of their structures.

Answer:

 

Diamond Graphite
It has a crystalline lattice. It has a layered structure.

In diamond, each carbon atom is sp3 hybridised and is bonded to four other carbon atoms through a   σ  bond.

In graphite, each carbon atom is sp2 hybridised and is bonded to three other carbon atoms through a σ bond. The fourth electron forms a π bond.

It is made up of tetrahedral units.

 It has a planar geometry.

The C-C bond length in diamond is 154 pm.

The C-C bond length in graphite is 141.5 pm.
It has a rigid covalent bond network which is difficult to break.

It is quite soft and its layers can be separated easily.

It acts as an electrical insulator.

 It is a good conductor of electricity.

 


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