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Question:

Classify the following solids in different categories based on the nature of intermolecular forces operating in them:
Potassium sulphate, tin, benzene, urea, ammonia, water, zinc sulphide, graphite, rubidium, argon, silicon carbide.

Answer:

Potassium sulphate → Ionic bond is formed, wherein potassium loses electrons & sulphate gains electrons.

Tin → Tin can form two ions Sn 2+ or Sn 4+ now depending on what form it is in and what other element it is bonding with then only the type of bonding will be known.

Benzene → It comprises of sp2 hybridized carbon atoms which makes covalent bond with each other by mutual sharing and pairing of electrons.

Urea → Polar molecular solid and they mostly forms hydrogen bond with other atoms.

Ammonia → Covalently bonded polar compound formed by mutual sharing and pairing of electrons between nitrogen and three hydrogen atoms.

Water → Covalently bonded polar compound formed by mutual sharing of electrons between oxygen and hydrogen atoms.

Zinc sulphide → It exist in the form of crystals and makes coordination bond.

Graphite → It consist of carbon atoms and have covalent bond between them forming a 2-D (flat, planar etc.) network, which in itself is strong. These planes are then held together by London Forces, which are very weak.

Rubidium → Metallic bond is formed by rubidium because it is a metal. Metallic bond is hydride of covalent bond and ionic bond.

Argon → Non-polar molecular solid

Silicon carbide → Covalent or network solid


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