What are the major differences between m | Class 11 Chemistry Chapter Classification of Elements and Periodicity in Properties, Classification of Elements and Periodicity in Properties NCERT Solutions

Question:

What are the major differences between metals and non-metals?

Answer:

METALS

NON METALS

Metals can lose electrons easily.

Non-metals cannot lose electrons easily

Metals are solids at room ( Exceptions – Hg, Ga ).

temperature Non – metals may be solids, liquids or gases at room temperature

Metals generally form ionic compounds.

Non–metals generally form covalent compounds.

Metals have low ionization enthalpies.

Non–metals have high ionization enthalpies.

Metals are less electronegative. They are rather electropositive elements.

Non–metals are electronegative.

Metals have a high reducing power.

Non–metals have a low reducing power

Metals have luster. They reflect light  from polished or freshly cut surface

Non-metals do not have luster.( Exceptions – Diamond and Iodine )

Metals generally have high density

Non-metals generally have low density

They are good conductors of heat and  and electricity.

 

They are usually bad conductors of heat electricity. (exception – carbon in the form of gas carbon and graphite )

Metals are malleable and ductile. They can be beaten into sheets and drawn into wires. 

Non-metals are not malleable and ductile They are brittle when solid.They can be crushed into powder

They have a three dimensional crystal structure with metallic bonds

They have different types of structures with covalent and van-der-Walls’ bonds

Metals usually have high tensile  Strength

Non- metals usually have low tensile strength

Metals generally have 1 to 3 electrons in outermost shell of their atoms

Non-metals generally have 4 to 8 in their outermost shell of the atom

They generally form basic oxides.

They generally form acidic oxides

They act as reducing agents

They act as oxidizing agents.


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Welcome to the NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Chemistry - Chapter . This page offers a step-by-step solution to the specific question from Excercise 1 , Question 26: What are the major differences between metals and non-metals?....