Highlight any four areas where genetic m | Class 12 Biology Chapter Biotechnology and its Application, Biotechnology and its Application NCERT Solutions

Transgenic plants are produced easier than the engineered animals, single cell of the plants produces whole plant. Thus, a single genetically engineered cell can produce new plant with the useful modified characteristics. Some applications or areas where genetic modifications of plants have been useful are as follows:

1. There are genetically engineered crops that are intrinsically resistant to insects like Bt (Bacillus thuringiensis) cotton.
2. Several approaches have been used to modify the plants for the resistance of viruses like introduction of coat protein gene, antisense RNA approach etc. There are some transgenic plants that contains virus coat proteins which linked to strong promoter have produced in several crops like tobacco, tomato, potato etc.
3. Many crops have been engineered for the resistance of herbicides like glyphosate.
4. It enhances the value of food like gives more nutritious or tastier food which is very important to our health by the less use of pesticides like golden rice.
5. Transgenic plants are used for the production of commercial products and proteins.
6. Genetic engineering is used to delay ripening in fruits, which resist softening and have extended self like tomato- marketed genetically modified plant under the trade name Flavr Savr that shows delayed ripening.