Explain with the help of one example how | Class 12 Biology Chapter Biotechnology and its Application, Biotechnology and its Application NCERT Solutions
Question: Explain with the help of one example how genetically modified plants can:
(a) Reduce usage of chemical pesticides
(b) Enhance nutritional value of food crops
Answer:
- Bt toxin has been used as the biological insecticide which is produced by the bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis which is a common soil bacteria which produces protein toxin which kills insects. Bt toxin gene has been cloned from the bacteria and been expressed in plants to provide resistant to insects without the insecticide and then creates the bio- pesticides. For example: Bt cotton, Bt corn, tomato, GM (genetically modified) tobacco with Bt gene, potato etc.
- There are some achievements of transgenic plants and improvement in Nutritional quality is one of them. Milled rice is the staple food for a large fraction of the world’s human population. This rice removes the husk and contains β- carotene. Beta- carotene is a precursor to Vitamin A. the synthesis of beta- carotene requires various enzyme catalysis steps. For example: Rice is extremely low in Vitamin A. Potrykus and Beyer developed genetically engineered rice named ‘Golden Rice’ (contains beta- carotene genes from daffodil plant) and is enriched in pro- vitamin A by introducing three genes for carotenoids involved in the biosynthetic pathway. β- Carotene, phytoene synthase (psy) and lycopene cyclase (lyc) were introduced, the combination of these three covers the requirements for β- carotene synthesis. But later found psy and crt I was alone able to drive the β- carotene synthesis. Deficiency of vitamin A causes blindness and the beta- carotene presence in golden rice prevents blindness in children.
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NCERT questions are designed to test your understanding of the concepts and theories discussed in the chapter. Here are some tips to help you answer NCERT questions effectively:
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Welcome to the NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Biology - Chapter . This page offers a step-by-step solution to the specific question from Excercise 0 , Question 6: Explain with the help of one example how genetically modified plants can:
(a) Reduce usage of chemi....
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