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Question:

The ionization constant of phenol is 1.0 × 10–10. What is the concentration of phenolate ion in 0.05 M solution of phenol? What will be its degree of ionization if the solution is also 0.01M in sodium phenolate?

Answer:

Ionization of phenol:

                    C6H5OH + H2O  ↔  C6H5O- +  H3O+

Initial Conc.          0.05                    0              0

At equilibrium    0.05-x                    x               x

Ka   =  [C6H5O- x  H3O+]   /  C6H5OH

Ka   =  x x  / 0.05-x

Ka   =  x2  / 0.05-x

As the value of the ionization constant is very less, x will be very small. Thus,

we can ignore x in the denominator

Now, let α be the degree of ionization of phenol in the presence of 0.01 M C6H5ONa.

 


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