Question:
Define the following terms:

(i) Mole fraction (ii) Molality (iii) Molarity (iv) Mass percentage.

Answer:

a) Mole Fraction - it is defined as the ratio of number of moles of one component to the total number of moles of solute & solvent present in the solution.

Mole fraction = number of moles of the component / total number of moles of all components

It is denoted by x.

Take it as binary solution, the number of the moles of solute will be n_Aand the number of moles of solvent will be n_B, then the mole fraction of the solute in the solution is given as:

In the same manner, the mole fraction of the solvent in the solution is given as:

b) Molality- it is the number of moles of the solute dissolved per 1000g of the solvent.

It is denoted by m

Molality = mole of solute / mass of solvent in kg

Unit for molality are moles/kg

c) Molarity- it is the number of moles of the solute dissolved per litre of the solution.

It is represented by M.

Molarity = moles of solute / volume of solute in litres

Unit for molarity is moles/litre

d) Mass Percentage- the mass percentage of a component in a given solution is the mass of the component per 100g of the solution.

Mass percentage of the component = (mass of the component in the solution/total mass of the solution) x100

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Define the following terms:

(i) Mole fraction (ii) Molality (iii) Molarity (iv) Mass percentage.

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Question:
Define the following terms:

(i) Mole fraction (ii) Molality (iii) Molarity (iv) Mass percentage.