(a) Myelinated and non-myelinated axons
|
|
Myelinated axons |
|
Non-myelinated axons |
|
1. |
Transmission of nerve impulse is faster |
1. |
Transmission of nerve impulse is slower |
|
2. |
Myelinated axon has a myelin sheath. |
2. |
Myelin sheath is absent |
|
3. |
Node of Ranvier is present between adjacent myelin sheaths. |
3. |
Node of Ranvier is absent |
|
4. |
Found in the brain, the spinal cord, the cranial and spinal nerves |
4. |
Found in autonomous and somatic neural systems |
|
5. |
Schwann cells are observed inside the myelin sheath |
5. |
Schwann cells are not observed inside the myelin sheath |
(b) Dendrites and axons
|
|
Dendrites |
|
Axons |
|
1. |
Dendrite is a small projection arising from the neuron. It conducts the nerve impulse toward the cell body. |
1. |
Axon is a single, long projection that conducts the nerve impulse away from cell body to the next neuron. |
|
2. |
Nissl’s granules are present in dendrites. |
2. |
Nissl’s granules are absent from axons. |
|
3. |
Dendrites are always non-myelinated. |
3. |
Axons can be myelinated or non-myelinated. |
(c) Rods and cones
|
|
Rods |
|
Cones |
|
1. |
Rods help in twilight vision. |
1. |
Cones help in colour vision. |
|
2. |
They have visual purple pigment called rhodopsin. |
2. |
They have visual violet pigment called iodopsin. |
|
3. |
Rods are the photoreceptor cells of the retina that are sensitive to dim light. |
3. |
Cones are the photoreceptor cells of the retina that are sensitive to bright light. |
(d) Thalamus and Hypothalamus
|
Thalamus |
Hypothalamus |
|
Thalamus is the part of the forebrain that receives nerve impulses of pain, temperature, touch, etc., and conducts them to the cerebral hemisphere. |
Hypothalamus is the part of the forebrain that controls involuntary functions such as hunger, thirst, sweating, sleep, fatigue, sexual desire, temperature regulation, etc. |
(e) Cerebrum and Cerebellum
|
Cerebrum |
Cerebellum |
|
It is the part of the forebrain that controls voluntary functions. It is the place where intelligence, will power, memory, etc., reside. |
It is the part of the hindbrain that controls voluntary functions and controls the equilibrium. |
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(a) Myelinated and non-myelinated axons
Myelinated axons
Non-myelinated axons
1...
Step-by-step explanation:
• (a) Myelinated and non-myelinated axons
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