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Class 12
Chemistry
The d-and f-Block Elements
predict which of the following will be coloured in...

Question:
Predict which of the following will be coloured in aqueous solution?

Ti³⁺, V³⁺, Cu⁺, Sc³⁺, Mn²⁺, Fe³⁺ and Co²⁺.

Give reasons for each.

Answer:

Only the ions that have electrons in d-orbital and in which d-d transition is possible will be coloured. The ions in which d-orbitals are empty or completely filled will be colourless as no d-d transition is possible in those configurations.

Element	Atomic Number	Ionic State	Electronic configuration in ionic state
Ti	22	Ti³⁺	[Ar] 3d¹
V	23	V³⁺	[Ar] 3d²
Cu	29	Cu⁺	[Ar] 3d¹⁰
Sc	21	Sc³⁺	[Ar]
Mn	25	Mn²⁺	[Ar] 3d⁵
Fe	26	Fe³⁺	[Ar] 3d⁵
Co	27	Co²⁺	[Ar] 3d⁷

From the above table, it can be easily observed that only Sc³⁺ has an empty d-orbital and Cu⁺ has completely filled d-orbitals. All other ions, except Sc³⁺ and Cu⁺, will be coloured in aqueous solution because of d - d transitions.

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Question:
Predict which of the following will be coloured in aqueous solution?

Ti³⁺, V³⁺, Cu⁺, Sc³⁺, Mn²⁺, Fe³⁺ and Co²⁺.

Give reasons for each.

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Question: Predict which of the following will be coloured in aqueous solution? Ti3+, V3+, Cu+, Sc3+, Mn2+, Fe3+ and Co2+. Give reasons for each.

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Question:
Predict which of the following will be coloured in aqueous solution?

Ti³⁺, V³⁺, Cu⁺, Sc³⁺, Mn²⁺, Fe³⁺ and Co²⁺.

Give reasons for each.