Welcome to the NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Biology - Chapter Biotechnology and its Application. This page offers a step-by-step solution to the specific question from Exercise 0, Question 4: . With detailed answers and explanations for each chapter, students can strengthen their understanding and prepare confidently for exams. Ideal for CBSE and other board students, this resource will simplify your study experience.
Give the full form of ELISA. Which disease can be detected using it? Discuss the principle underlying the test.
ELISA stands for Enzyme- linked Immuno sorbent Assay and this exploits an enzymatic reaction for detecting the immune reaction. Many enzymes are used for ELISA like alkaline phosphatase, urease, beta galactosidase and horseradish peroxidase. ELISA can be used qualitatively to detect the presence of antigens (detect infection by pathogen) and antibodies (are synthesized against the pathogen or bacteria for the defense). This test involves the linkage of label enzymes to either antigens or antibody and their reaction is measured using colorimetric signals.
Principle of this test involves the competitive binding of antigen and specific enzyme to the specific antibody. ELISA is used for the detection of disease AIDS or HIV.
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