Predict the products of electrolysis in each of the following:
(i) An aqueous solution of AgNO3 with silver electrodes.
(ii) An aqueous solution of AgNO3with platinum electrodes.
(iii) A dilute solution of H2SO4with platinum electrodes.
(iv) An aqueous solution of CuCl2 with platinum electrodes.
(i) At cathode: The following reduction reactions compete to take place at the cathode.
The reaction with a higher value of Eº takes place at the cathode. Therefore, deposition of silver will take place at the cathode.
At anode:
The Ag anode is attacked by NO3- ions. Therefore, the silver electrode at the anode dissolves in the solution to form Ag+.
(ii) At cathode:
The following reduction reactions compete to take place at the cathode.
The reaction with a higher value of Eº takes place at the cathode. Therefore, deposition of silver will take place at the cathode.
At anode:
Since Pt electrodes are inert, the anode is not attacked by NO3- ions. Therefore, OH - or NO3- ions can be oxidized at the anode. But OH - ions having a lower discharge potential and get preference and decompose to liberate O2.
OH- → OH + e-
4OH- → 2H2O +O2
(iii) At the cathode, the following reduction reaction occurs to produce H2 gas.
H+ (aq) + e- → ½ H2(g)
At the anode, the following processes are possible.
For dilute sulphuric acid, reaction (i) is preferred to produce O2 gas. But for concentrated sulphuric acid, reaction (ii) occurs.
(iv) At cathode:
The following reduction reactions compete to take place at the cathode.
The reaction with a higher value of Eº takes place at the cathode. Therefore, deposition of copper will take place at the cathode.
At anode:
The following oxidation reactions are possible at the anode.
At the anode, the reaction with a lower value of Eº is preferred. But due to the over-potential of oxygen, Cl - gets oxidized at the anode to produce Cl2 gas.
The reaction between A and B is first order with respect to A and zero order with respect to B. Fill in the blanks in the following table:
| Experiment |
A/ mol L - 1 |
B/ mol L - 1 |
Initial rate/mol L - 1 min - 1 |
| I | 0.1 | 0.1 |
2.0 × 10 - 2 |
| II | -- | 0.2 |
4.0 × 10 - 2 |
| III | 0.4 | 0.4 | -- |
| IV | -- | 0.2 |
2.0 × 10 - 2 |
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(i) At cathode: The following reduction reactions compete to take place at the cathode.
The reaction with a higher value of Eº takes place at the cathode. Therefore, deposition of silver will take place...
Step-by-step explanation:
• (i) At cathode: The following reduction reactions compete to take place at the cathode
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